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KMID : 1101020180430040125
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Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
2018 Volume.43 No. 4 p.125 ~ p.130
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Evaluation of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Disc Displacement according to Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders
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Park Jun-Hyong
Shim Young-Joo
Lim Hyun-Dae
Lee You-Mee
Kang Jin-Kyu
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Abstract
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Purpose: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is complex and multifactorial including trauma, anatomical, pathophysiological, social and psychological factors. Psychological factors can induce or sustain TMDs in various ways. And psychological problems, such as anxiety and depression can be occurred due to TMDs. Therefore, evaluation of psychological factors in patients with TMDs is important. Although disc displacement (DD) is crucial in clinical situation, most of studies have focused on the relationship of psychosocial factors and myofascial pain. And also, Subtypes of DD can cause different degrees of discomfort, it is necessary to evaluate the psychological states of the patients according to the subtype. The Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) is one of the self-report questionnaire to evaluate the psychological factors. HADS-Anxiety (HADS-A) and HADS-Depression (HADS-D) are assessed through 14 questions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anxiety and depression assessed by HADS in patients diagnosed with subtypes of DD according to diagnostic criteria for TMDs.
Methods: Four hundred thirty nine patients were diagnosed as one of the subtypes of DD. One hundred fourty nine subjects with no symptoms were set as control groups. All of them answered the HADS for Koreans. The cut-off score for anxiety and depression was set a score of 8. The chi-square test was performed to evaluate association between DD and anxiety/depression.
Results: There was a significant difference in HADS-D between five groups (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in HADS-A. All the DD groups showed a significant difference in HADS-D compared with the control group except the DD without reduction without limited opening group. The DD without reduction with limited opening group showed the highest rates in HADS-D (40.4%).
Conclusions: Based on the above results, it is necessary to consider the depression in treatment of the patients with DDs.
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KEYWORD
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Anxiety, Depression, Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorder, Disc displacement, Temporomandibular disorders
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